- Apply knowledge of root words, prefixes and suffixes to read aloud and to understand the meaning of unfamiliar words.
- Read further exception words, noting the unusual correspondences between spelling and sound, and where these occur in the word.
- Attempt pronunciation of unfamiliar words drawing on prior knowledge of similar looking words.
- Re-read and read ahead to check for meaning.
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- Become familiar with and talk about a wide range of books, including myths, legends and traditional stories and books from other cultures and traditions and know their features.
- Read non-fiction texts, and identify purpose and structures and grammatical features and evaluate how effective they are.
- Identify significant ideas , events and characters, and discuss their significance.
- Learn poems by heart, for example, narrative verse, haiku.
- Prepare poems and plays to read aloud and to perform, showing understanding through intonation, tone, volume and action.
- Use meaning-seeking strategies to explore the meaning of words in context.
- Use meaning – seeking strategies to explore the meaning of idiomatic and figurative language.
- Identify and comment on writer’s use of language for effect, for example, precisely chosen adjectives, similes and personification.
- Identify grammatical features used by writer – rhetorical questions, varied sentence lengths, varied sentence starters, empty words – to impact on the reader.
- Draw inferences such as inferring characters’ feelings, thoughts and motives from their actions.
- Justify inferences with evidence from the text.
- Make predictions from what has been read.
- Summarise the main ideas drawn from a text.
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